Resources informing about various managerial levels and the eligibility criteria required at each level.

• Top Management
• Middle Management
• Office / Administrative
• Technical / Skilled

All organizations have specific goals and objectives that they strive to meet. Top executives devise strategies and formulate policies to ensure that these objectives are met. The senior/top level management occupies key positions in an organization. Although, they have a wide range of titles, such as chief executive officer, chief operating officer, board chair, president, vice president, managing directors, chief personnel manager, financial controller, vice president, director, etc; their basic function is to formulate policies and direct the operations of businesses and corporations, nonprofit institutions, governments, and other organizations.

Despite the effects of the economic "slowdown" and September 11, numerous international companies are on the lookout for talented people from India, to fill essential roles, according to a survey conducted by the world's largest search company.

Core Areas of Knowledge and Skills Required by Top level:

The top level of executives constitutes the overall, primary management and performs leadership role in the organization. Therefore, it is critical that these officers have strong knowledge and skills in a variety of areas. However, there are certain basic areas of knowledge and skills, customized to the particular nature of their organization, its industry (service, manufacturing, wholesale, etc.) and the current environment (political, social, economic and technological), that they must possess:

BASICS IN MANAGEMENT & LEADERSHIP

Basic, Entry-Level Skills in Organizational Management Core Competencies for Leading

PLANNING

Business Planning (plan a new business organization, product, business department, etc.) Strategic Planning (establish organizational goals and how to reach them)

ORGANIZING

Human Resources Management Organizing a New Business Re-Organizing a Current Business

LEADING

Leading Groups Leading Organization towards a common goal.

COORDINATIONG ACTIVITIES & RESOURCES (including performance management)

Finances Fundraising Employee Performance Management Group Performance Management Organizational Change Management Organizational Performance Management Policies and Procedures Product/Service Management Program Management Marketing and Promotions and Public and Media Relations

The employers look for:

According to the search professionals, the trio of leadership skills, functional/technical expertise and industry skills top the list of qualities employers seek. Beyond those skills, employers seek out executives who excel in managing or developing their subordinates, cross-functional experts, team players and strong communicators.

Experienced managers whose accomplishments reflect strong leadership qualities and the ability to improve the efficiency or competitive position of an organization will have the best opportunities. In an increasingly global economy, experience in international economics, marketing, information systems, and knowledge of several languages also may be beneficial.
Middle Management

Middle managers are in demand in India and overseas. Companies have recognized that middle managers provide a critical link within the organization in terms of work processes, managing people, communicating direction and establishing relationships with customers and suppliers. But it is important to add that the middle manager that is in demand now is a different from that which was required few tears back, with a new portfolio of skills and a new set of demanding roles.

Divisional or branch manager, personnel manager, accounts manager, stores manager, sales manager are senior positions which form the middle level management in a firm.

Employment for managers is expected to grow at about 10 to 20 percent each year. Projected employment growth varies widely among industries. For example, significant opportunities are expected in services industries, but only average in all finance, insurance, and real estate industry subgroups.

On an average the entry-level salaries abroad, for those with degrees in non-technical disciplines range from about $29,000 to $35,000 and from $32,000 to $46,000 for graduates holding a master's degree in a business/finance/technical field.

Middle managers link the strategic direction of the senior management level and realities of the market at the front lines. They create value because they can facilitate knowledge creation, they bring unique skills to business problems and they have organizational relationships with senior management, front line employees, other parts of the organization and outside customers and suppliers.

New Roles for Middle Managers

Focusing on strategy implementation Acting as a change agent Brokering opportunities for innovation and collaboration Ensuring communications Providing expertise and projects management.

The Employers look for:

The recruiter's expectations vary as widely as the job responsibilities and respective industry. However, they prefer managers with a graduate and professional degrees in administrative, marketing, financial, and manufacturing activities have a master's degree in business administration.

Managers in highly specialized fields often have a master's degree in engineering or a doctoral degree in a scientific discipline. A law degree is mandatory for managers of legal departments; hospital administrators generally have a master's degree in health services administration or business administration.

Candidates must have good communication skills, interpersonal skills, analytical ability, flexibility, decisiveness, ability to coordinate several activities at once and problem solving abilities.
Office / Administrative

All organizations need timely and effective office and administrative support to operate efficiently. Office and administrative supervisors and managers coordinate this support. Employment at this level is determined largely by the demand for administrative support workers. Continuing office automation due to new technology will increase office and administrative support workers' productivity and allow a wider variety of tasks to be performed by more people in professional positions, thus creating more and more job opportunities for Indian professionals.

The general growth in the various industries should have an impact on the need for administrative personnel. Nearly every sector should see a growing demand for administrative managers, administrative assistants, accountants, bookkeepers, clerks and customer service employees. Demand for administrative service managers will increase specially in management services, management consulting, and facilities support services firms. Employment growth in the health care and social assistance and legal services industries will also lead to average growth for medical and legal office staff.

Career Options at Administration & Office Management level

Accountant
An Accountant provides professional-level accounting services for a work unit.

Budget Analyst
This specialist formulates, monitors, and analyzes a budget for a work unit.

Cash Management Clerk
This position is responsible for collecting entrance fees from park visitors, selling permits (such as backcountry camping), and selling passports

Purchasing Agent
A purchasing Agent handles small purchases ranging from locally available standard supplies and services to complex transactions involving technical services or supplies.

Administrative Officer
They are responsible for the planning, development, implementation, and execution of all phases of administration such as budget/fiscal programs, personnel management, procurement/contract administration, information resources management and property management.

Administrative Clerk/Technician
This support position provides administrative assistance in the major areas of budget, personnel, procurement, and property management.

Management Clerk/Assistant
This position provides support in the development and execution of management and/or program analysis or studies.

Office Automation Clerk/Assistant
An Office Automation Clerk/Assistant is required to utilize various automation hardware and software systems and applications.

Procurement Clerk/Assistant
A Procurement Clerk/Assistant provides clerical and technical support for a contracting and procurement operation

Clerk-Typist
This clerical position provides typing, filing, mail processing and receptionist support for a work unit.

Contracting Specialist
A Contracting Specialist negotiates procurement actions and routine and complex contracts.

Employee Relations Specialist
This specialist provides advice and counsel to both employees and management on a variety of employee relations and/or benefit issues.

Labor Relations Specialist
This specialist administers serves primarily to provide advice and counsel to management on all labor relations issues.

Mail and Files Clerk
This office support position provides all services related to incoming/outgoing mail operations, maintaining files and records in accordance with agency regulations and National Archives Records Center.

Secretary
This position is responsible for complete office management operations such as flow of correspondence, maintenance of calendars, filing systems, and serving as a confidential assistant.

The Employers look for :

The eligibility of candidates varies according to their job responsibilities. However, recruiters prefer managers with a graduate and professional degrees in administration and office management.

Although jobs for office and administrative support supervisors and managers are found in practically every industry, the largest number are found in organizations with a large administrative support workforce, such as banks, wholesalers, government agencies, retail establishments, business service firms, healthcare facilities, schools, and insurance companies.